The problem of finding a suitable diagnostic procedure for the examination of structural elements has been closely analyzed in recent years. In this connection, the main material of interest is wood as a sort of heterogeneous matter, and the diagnostic procedure is directed towards enabling industrial application in the future. A new diagnostic method based on X-ray imaging and acoustic electromagnetic wave; the X-ray technique utilizes the reduction of imaging information into 2D planar projection and acoustic recording system allows to find out activity of the wood-destroying pests. After researching activities and localization of wood- destroying pests, there are two methods for its disposal-thermal sanitation and microwave system. X-ray method is known as nondestructive diagnostic methods in the medical or veterinary prac- tice. This X-ray mobile system was designed for evaluate of the wood quality and presence of wood-boring insects and wood-destroying fungi. Special software are single parts of the X- ray system and enable automatic/semi-automatic diagnostic of the level of damage wood and localization of wood-destroying pests. Field X-ray monitoring of vital activity of wood-destroying insects is very robust and ineffective in comparison with the acoustic method, which seems like a much better solution. Therefore was designed acoustic system for the initial detection of wood-destroying insects in building construction.